Accounting For Non-Independent Observations In 2×2 Tables, With Application To Correcting For Family Clustering In Exposure-Risk Relationship Studies

Abstract

Participants in epidemiologic studies may not represent statistically independent observations. We consider modifications to conventional analyses of 2×2 tables, including Fisher’s exact test and confidence intervals, to account for correlated observations in this setting. An example is provided, assessing the robustness of conclusions from a published analysis.